Power Generation from Radio Wave Technology

Introduction Radio wave technology is the use of airwaves in transmitting and receiving information. It is the foundation of most of our communication in the present day. Radio waves fall under the group of waves termed electromagnetic radiation, which travel at the speed of light (3Ãâ€"108 m/s).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Power Generation from Radio Wave Technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More These types of waves (including light, infrared, microwaves and x-rays) are classified based on their wavelengths and frequencies. The frequencies of radio waves lie between 300GHz to 3 kHz with wavelengths of 1mm to 100km. Some of the communication equipments that use radio waves include satellite dishes, radar, radios, television, mobile phones and wireless internet. The use of radio waves for powering electronic devices had not been exploited due to the nature of waves to weaken and dissipate as they spread due to their interaction with other waves and matter. Recently, a growing interest in alternative sources of energy that could provide efficient power in remote and sensitive locations has led to research into radio wave power generation. This paper looks at the history of radio waves and how power can be generated from them and how it can be applied in electronic devices. History and growth of radio wave technology The history of radio waves as medium for transmitting information started way back in the 1860s when James Clerk Maxwell, a physicist from Scotland, envisaged the existence of the waves. His prediction was enhanced in 1886 by Heinrich Rudolph Hertz, a German physicist, who went a notch further to show how variation of electric current could be sent into space as radio waves (Bellis 3). He was able to generate and compute the first waves by using an oscillator for transmitting the waves and a metal loop for detecting them (Parker 3). In 1895 Guglielmo Marconi, from Italy, sent a radio signal over a distance of 100m and received it. He used crafted antenna, transmitter, and condenser and had connections on the ground that could receive the signals. He also sent a wireless signal across the English Channel in 1899(Bellis 5), a distance of 3.5 miles. In addition, Nikola Tesla helped in developing and enhancing wireless radio transmitters.Advertising Looking for research paper on natural sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Ships started using wireless telegraphy for sending distress calls while at sea. In 1899, the U.S Army adopted the wireless system and in 1901, the Navy also adopted the system. Lee Deforest invented the space telegraph in the early 1900s where amplifiers were used to strengthen weak signals (Bellis 12). Marconi was able to transmit voice in 1914 over a distance of 50 miles (Bellis 12). Over time, many people aided in developing and enhancing radio wave communicatio n and today we have 4G technologies that send information at very high speeds, besides audio and video streaming. Power generation using radio waves Electromagnetic radiation and photons Electromagnetic waves can be said to have an atomic structure and can either generate or expend energy (â€Å"Electromagnetic waves† par. 7). The electromagnetic radiation, in quantum terms, is said to have photons transporting energy (Joules). A single photon has energy equal to hf. h is Planck’s constant =6.626Ãâ€"10-34 J s and f =frequency of photon v is the velocity of light= 3Ãâ€"108 m/s and ÃŽ » =wavelength of photonAdvertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Power Generation from Radio Wave Technology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Collection of radio waves energy Radio wave energy can be collected and harnessed using various equipments and components. The generation circuit has components such as antenn a, capacitors, diodes, transistors, inductors and resistors. The antenna is used for receiving the electromagnetic signal. This signal received is then rectified. The rectifying circuit is made of diodes. Once the signal has been rectified, it is boosted before being stored in capacitors. The power stored is used to drive a load or resistor via a switching circuit. Figure 1: Block diagram for ground circuit for capturing radio waves Figure 2: Circuit diagram for capturing and generating power from radio waves MOS transistors are used for switching or controlling the stored power to the load. The source of the MOSFET (for switching) is connected to the storage capacitor with the drain connected to the load. The link between the capacitor and load is created when the voltage of the stored charge is equivalent to the sum of the threshold voltages of both MOSFETs (Ishida et al. 4). Potential of radio wave harvesting Radio wave energy can be efficiently and sufficiently harvested if various factors are considered. These are:Advertising Looking for research paper on natural sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Using powerful receivers which detect a wide range of frequencies as well as arresting a high concentration of the wasted waves Ensuring energy is obtained at low power density from sensors located far-off from the source for energy obtained varies inversely with distance (1/d2) Ensuring the voltage generated from the source is greater than 0.3V (1 milliwatt) for satisfactory conversion of all incoming wave Using high quality circuits and transistors Applications of the power generated using radio waves Power generated by radio waves is quite small ranging from a few microwatts to hundreds of milliwatts. The power generated can be used in devices such as: LED monitor lights Sensors LCD display thermometer Implants in the biomedical field Charging the battery for cell phones Safety hard hat Possibility of radio waves technology replacing batteries Nowadays, there is a high requirement for efficient energy sources. Furthermore, the sources should be mobile and flexible. Batteries are usually bulky, require regular maintenance and have a limited life and as such require constant replacement. With the rapid advancement in technology where electronic gadgets and devices are continually made smaller and efficient, their energy requirements have decreased over time. Proper harnessing of radio wave energy could provide an alternative source of energy for powering small electrical devices such as sensors. This is through capturing the electricity produced by the radio waves and is depended on how far the transmitter is and the magnitude of the power generated by the transmitter. The power that can be harnessed from these waves is in the range of microwatts to milliwatts which can be sufficient for powering the devices especially in remote locations. Thus, there is a possibility of radio waves technology replacing batteries. Conclusion and personal thought about radio wave technology application in future Energy harnessed from wasted radio waves is small. This energ y may not be adequate to power large electronic devices but technology has been changing very rapidly in the recent years. Many companies are developing gadgets that are very small, thus requiring less power. For example, the mobile phone industry has seen a reduction in the size of the phones but with more installed phone features and applications. Nokia has come up with a harvesting device embedded in a cell phone. This device is able to charge the phone’s battery (Dixon 3). This means that in the future, many miniature gadgets will have been developed which will totally rely on radio frequency energy. Furthermore, radio wave energy will provide a reliable source of energy since the use of cell phones, television, radios and other communication devices is on the rise. Works Cited Bellis, Mary. The Invention of Radio. 2012. Web. Dixon, Bryn. Radio Frequency Energy Harvesting. 2010. Web. Electromagnetic Waves. 2010. Web. Ishida, Makoto, Kazuaki Sawada, Hidekuni Takao, and Min oru Sudo. Power Generation Circuit using Electromagnetic Wave. 2011. Web. Parker, Bev. The History of Radio. Web. This research paper on Power Generation from Radio Wave Technology was written and submitted by user Ernesto C. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

blood cell essays

blood cell essays Blood is composed of cells and fluid, contain many inorganic and organic molecules. Functions of blood could be falls into three categories: transport, defense and regulation, they all have different function. Blood transport oxygen and nutrients and removes waste from the body. It also transports hormones, which control the body's organ. Blood defense pathogens such as bacteria and viruses and it clots, which prevents the loss of blood. In regulatory functions, blood helps maintain body temperature A molecule cells use in cellular respiration, transport oxygen, is called red blood cells. Red blood cells also known as erythrocytes, they are very small. There are about 4 to 6 millions of red blood cells in our whole blood. It's containing a respiratory pigment called hemoglobin. It's carries oxygen and it is red in color. In red blood cell, it's contains about 200 million hemoglobin molecules. If we losing a big amount of hemoglobin in our blood, our blood will become thicker, so then is hard to All blood cells are produced from stem cells with in the red bone marrow. Stem cell, which can divide, and producing new cells into specific type of cells. Red blood cells can only live for 120 days, after that, they will destroyed in the liver and spleen and there are about 2 million cells are destroyed per second. Therefore, an equal number much be produced to keep the cell count in balance. People who are lack of hemoglobin will suffer Blood that playing the role of defends is the white blood cell. White blood cells also known as leukocytes are differ from red blood cells. It's fight infection, they are more largely and being lack hemoglobin. White blood cells are came from the stem cells in the red bone marrow. They defend us against pathogens that have invaded into our body. White blood cells are ...

Albert Einstein Essays - Physics, Science And Technology

Albert Einstein Of all the scientists to emerge from the nineteenth and twentieth centuries there is one whose name is known by almost all living people. While most of these do not understand this man's work, everyone knows that its impact on the world of science is astonishing. Yes,many have heard of Albert Einstein's General Theory of relativity, but few know about the intriguing life that led this scientist to discover what some have called, "The greatest single achievement of human thought." Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany on March 14, 1874. Before his first birthday, his family had moved to Munich where young Albert's father, Hermann Einstein, and uncle set up a small electro-chemical business. He was fortunate to have an excellent family with which he held a strong relationship. Albert's mother, Pauline Einstein, had an intense passion for music and literature, and it was she that first introduced her son to the violin in which he found much joy and relaxation. Also, he was very close with his younger sister, Maja, and they could often be found in the lakes that were scattered about the countryside near Munich. As a child, Einstein's sense of curiosity had already begun to stir. A favorite toy of his was his father's compass, and he often marveled at his uncle's explanations of algebra. Although young Albert was intrigued by certain mysteries of science, he was considered a slow learner. His failure to become fluent in German until the age of nine even led some teachers to believe he was disabled. Einstein's post-basic education began at the Luitpold Gymnasium when he was ten. It was here that he first encountered the German spirit through the school's strict disciplinary policy. His disapproval of this method of teaching led to his reputation as a rebel. It was probably these differences that caused Einstein to search for knowledge at home. He began not with science, but with religion. He avidly studied the Bible seeking truth, but this religious fervor soon died down when he discovered the intrigue of science and math. To him, these seemed much more realistic than ancient stories. With this new knowledge he disliked class even more, and was eventually expelled from Luitpold Gymnasium being considered a disruptive influence. Feeling that he could no longer deal with the German mentality, Einstein moved to Switzerland where he continued his education. At sixteen he attempted to enroll at the Federal Institute of Technology but failed the entrance exam. This forced him to study locally for one year until he finally passed the school's evaluation. The Institute allowed Einstein to meet many other students that shared his curiosity, and It was here that his studies turned mainly to Physics. He quickly learned that while physicists had generally agreed on major principals in the past, there were modern scientists who were attempting to disprove outdated theories. Since most of Einstein's teachers ignored these new ideas, he was again forced to explore on his own. In 1900 he graduated from the Institute and then achieved citizenship to Switzerland. Einstein became a clerk at the Swiss Patent Office in 1902. This job had little to do with physics, but he was able to satiate his curiosity by figuring out how new inventions worked. The most important part of Einstein's occupation was that it allowed him enough time to pursue his own line of research. As his ideas began to develop, he published them in specialist journals. Though he was still unknown to the scientific world, he began to attract a large circle of friends and admirers. A group of students that he tutored quickly transformed into a social club that shared a love of nature, music, and of course, science. In 1903 he married Mileva Meric, a mathematician friend. In 1905, Einstein published five separate papers in a journal, the Annals of Physics. The first was immediately acknowledged, and the University of Zurich awarded Einstein an additional degree. The other papers helped to develop modern physics and earned him the reputation of an artist. Many scientists have said that Einstein's work contained an imaginative spirit that was seen in most poetry. His work at this time dealt with molecules, and how their motion affected temperature, but he is most well known for his Special Theory of Relativity which tackled motion and the speed of light. Perhaps the most important part of his discoveries was the equation: E= mc2. After publishing these theories Einstein was promoted at his office. He remained at the Patents Office for another two years, but his name was becoming too big among the scientific community. In 1908, Einstein began teaching party time at

Culture, Service and Product Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Culture, Service and Product - Essay Example These barriers have to be addressed so that entering a new market would be successful. This paper comes in two parts. First part discusses glocalization issues, and the second part talks about case of Disneyland as it entered glocalization in HongKong and the soon to be opened Shanghai Disney. Conceptual framework of the study analyzes importance of glocalization, gives its meaning, and how it is applied by Disney in its business practice in setting up its resorts to an environment totally different from its origin. These comes as are positive challenges to the this icon of entertainment. In this study, I borrowed the concept of Luigi and Vineran (n.d.) that proposed: â€Å"in order to be successful globally, managers must act locally in the different markets they chose to enter.† Glocalization is coined word from globalization and glocalization which is used describe a product or service that is developed and distributed globally, but is also fashioned to accommodate the user or consumer in a local market†. (Investopedia. n.d.) Glocalization meant differently as to each region because of differences cultures, language, religion, traditions and laws. Luigi, D. and S. Vineran (n.d.) in their study put forward a definition that states: â€Å"providing a global offer (brand, idea, product, idea, or service, etc.) while taking local issues into account†. A global product / service that can face competition from both local and international brands in a better way because it meets certain local needs or preferences at lower costs due the global edge of the company. What key areas does a company need to consider when moving a product/service developed in one country to a different country? How should a company assess how a product or service is being received in a different country? Global marketing has introduced may changes on business approaches, such as the way how a company transacts business to

Companies engage in CSR because, for a number of reasons, they think Essay

Companies engage in CSR because, for a number of reasons, they think it will be good for their profit margins Critically d - Essay Example A multitude of definition of CSR exist, and the range of views on the proper scope and extent of a firm’s social responsibilities, as well. Whether CSR is about companies giving charities, taking care of the environment, being sympathetic to workers or assisting their communities with expectations of financial gains remain a controversial subject (Bacher, 2007, p 12) The right definition of corporate social responsibility becomes more difficult when real business examples are taken into consideration. For instance, was Google acting in a publicly accountable manner when it put up with the Chinese law by sieving the content found through its google .cn search engine? Was UBS Bank acting socially responsible by opting to spend investors’ money to willingly reduce its carbon emission to attend to global warming when there is no legal duty to so. Does Heineken beer firm offer costly HIV/AIDS medication to its African workers and their beneficiaries if this is not anticipate d to bring financial gain to the company? In order to address these questions, it is essential to examine why firms go beyond the bottom line in an attempt to defend their CSR (Adams & Zutshi, 2004, p 32). A possible definition of CSR holds that the idea of social responsibilities presumes that the company has not only economic and lawful obligations, but also definite duties to the community, which go beyond these duties. Another explanation states that social responsibility is the duty of decision makers to take actions that guard and enhance the wellbeing of society as a whole along with their own interests. CSR is also taken to mean the continuing commitment by businesses to act ethically and contribute to economic development whilst enhancing the quality of life of the employees and their relations, the local community and the wider society, as well. Several elements found in various definitions suggest that corporations have duties that go beyond their bottom line (that, is, p roduction of goods and services at a gain). These duties entail helping unravel significant social problems, which the business itself has helped create (Adams, 2008, p 366). Companies have a wider constituency than shareholders only. Organizations serve a broader assortment of human values than can be captured by a sole focus on economic values. Narrower points of view on CSR hold that businesses have two main responsibilities. One is to abide by the elementary canons of each day face to face civility and to seek material gain. The second duty is the fiduciary obligation to investors (owners) is the bedrock of capitalism, and free enterprise will dry up without it. As such, definitions of CSR fall under two broad schools of thought: those with the view that business is mandated only to make profits within the boundaries of minimal ethical and legal compliance. The other school of thought holds that CSR entails broader responsibilities. Numerous factors and influences have resulted in mounting attention being devoted to the role of businesses and corporate social responsibility. They comprise of sustainable development, globalization, corporate sector impact, governance, finance, communications, ethics, leadership, business tool and consistency

Managing In Hospitality Essay Example for Free

Managing In Hospitality Essay To convince the management, the owner must be able to communicate his ideas and perceptions clearly. The owner might face a bit of difficulty doing this, since the managers have been around for long, and they probably know their trade well. It is still possible, however. One of the things that the owner can do is gain the trust of his managers. However, it cannot be the calculus-based trust or identification-based trust—it has to be through organizational citizenship behavior. Specifically, he has to make sure that each member of the management is treated fairly. For instance, with this issue, he must give each and every one a chance to voice out their opinion regarding the upgrading of the hotel, and explain why they are against it. This will let them know that even though the owner’s ideas may be in conflict with those of the management’s, the owner still values their knowledge and respects their position as managers. Once they all get their chance to share their thoughts, the owner should then explain his side, but trying not to compete with his managers as to which is the better plan, as this will only create friction, in the form of substantive conflict, and it will be even more difficult to convince the management to upgrade the hotel. Instead, the party should negotiate, or bargain, and try to find a common ground. Since everyone has had his side heard by this point, they can address the questions surrounding the issue of why upgrading to a 5-star hotel might be a bad idea, and what can be done to turn this around or to compensate for it. Lastly, the owner should try to control his emotions when explaining his side. No matter how harsh or how blunt the management may be, regarding his decisions as â€Å"unnecessary†, the owner must remain emotionally stable. The same goes for the management—if one of them suddenly starts raising his voice, he should be calmed down before proceeding with the meeting. They should also be reminded of their positions—they are managers, not owners—and should respect the owner’s authority over them. The owner himself should not push his weight around. Works Cited Hunt, Courtney. â€Å"Interpersonal Behavior in the Workplace.†

Teams Dont Work Essay -- essays research papers

I. Introduction: I undertook this study to prove the legendary story about the Camelot…An historic example of team, effort gone awry. In the legendary story, a few events transformed Camelot from a utopia kingdom into wasteland. This isn't just idle meandering. There are corporate Camelot's, too, (such as my company MobileComm); those companies that started with such promise and fell victim to problems in their teamwork concepts. It is clear to see that team-based systems simply don't work; better controls equals better management. An emphasis on separating workers into specifically defined jobs, having centralized management control, and maintaining a structured chain of command contributes to a much better and more effective workplace situation. It makes more sense, therefore, to stick to traditional structures in the workplace. II. Review Of Literature 1. Blair, Gerard. Groups That Work, www.ee.ed.ac.uk/~gerad/Management/art0 (1998). The effectiveness of the team takes a nosedive, and the productiveness of the team is far less than the individual could have achieved had they not brought together. 2. Blair, Gerard. 'How to Build Quality into your Team'; IEE Engineering Management Journal, (1996). There are certain frameworks within which teams attempt to work. It's the inability to function within these 'frames' that in another disadvantage to teamwork. The 'forming stage'; is when first comes together. Everyone is considered and civil, and allows for everyone to participate. Discussion is slow and guarded since no one wishes to be seen as conflict. Even though it is not verbalized, it's always destructive. 3. Davidmann, Manfred. Style of Management and Leadership, (1982). Business experts have to work together to achieve their goals, and discord in one area can inconvenience many people. It is essential. Therefore, that people cooperate with each other—but organization is the more difficult it is to achieve the necessary degree of cooperation. Larger organizations are usually much less effective using a ream approach, as people tend to work against each other rather than with each other, 4. Rayner Kimball Fisher- Steven Belgard Williams. Tips for Teams (1995). Team members and team leaders typically have problems defining their own roles, making it difficult to work toward results than busying t... ... Blair, Gerard M. "How to Build Quality into your Team" IEE Engineering Management Journal. fwfwfffhttp://spindle-ee- net2.ee.ed.ac.uk/~gerard/Management/ (1996). term papers term papers Blair, Gerard M. Laying the Foundations for Effective Teamwork. term papers http://www.ee.ed.ac.uk/~gerard/Teaching/art0.html (1996). Davidmann, Manfred. Style of Management and Leadership. //www.demon.co.uk/solbaram/articles/clm2.html (1982). Fisher, Kimball-Rayner, Steven-Belgrade, William. Tips for Teams. (New York, NY: McGraw-Hill, Inc., 1995). Harshman, Carl L.-Philips, Steven L. Teaming Up. (San Diego, CA: Pfeiffer & Co., 1994). Kinlaw, Dennis. Team-Managed Facilitation. (San Diego, CA: Pfeiffer & Co., 1993). Harrington-Mackin, Deborah. Keeping the Team Going. (New York, NY: Amacom, 1996). Mosvick, Roger-Nelson, Robert B. We've Got to Start Meeting Like This. (Glenview, IL: Scott Foresman, 1987). Rayner, Steven R. Team Traps. (New York, NY: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1996). Rees, Fran How to Lead Work Teams. (San Diego, CA: Pfeiffer & Co., 1991). Sayles, L.R. "Leadership for the Nineties." Issues and Observations. (1990): spring, pp. 8-11.

Development and Growth of Verizon Wireles Essay

Verizon Wireless aspires for manageable development as a wide market leader in wireless services as well as for dominance in major wireless service markets. In both situations, the Verizon Wireless services will have to do critical roles. Verizon Wireless has the capability to establish its dominance in wireless service markets normally through acquisition of other powerful wireless service companies and their services, which are then integrated into a new, bigger organization. Giving training to its workers, enhancing the organizational functions, and the development of fresh innovations then establishes the positions of the different Verizon Wireless services. This logically leads in economies of scale that empowers the company to form a supply network for both the local and global wireless services. If a market is being managed by other grocery stores, Verizon Wireless dedicates its priorities regarding the establishment of a premium sector with its different wireless services. The goal of Verizon Wireless is to sustain the profitability of the company in a manageable way, while at the same time consistently enhancing the organization’s operations. The tactics to attain this includes four aspects:1.Working hard in order to attain a dominant level in powerful wireless service markets2.Emphasizing on getting a great share of the wireless service market sectors. 3.Striving in order to enhance the organization’s efficacy and limit unnecessary expenses in their activities. 4.Consistent development through logical mergers for as long as they are able to establish great shareholder value. In the year 2006, Verizon Wireless was able to experience tremendous improvement in various essential metrics. The inventory was limited from above $50 million down to below $30 million and inventory turns increased from below 15 to more than 25. The expenses of profits, not including the advantage from past miscellaneous expenses and the implemented part of the amortization of untouchable resources, went down from above 70% of earnings to below 70% of earnings. The integration of sales and marketing, research  and technological changes, and general and operational costs was limited from almost $ 400 million down to almost $350 million, while at the same time enhancing on the speed of changes. Verizon Wireless’ total earnings are estimated to have grown from barely reaching $1 million in the late 20th century to almost $ 900 million last year. B. SWOT Analysis of Verizon WirelessStrengths:†¢has wireless technologies and services that have a reputation for gaining a very strong retail. This involves an emphasis for the value of quality, comfort and various range of games and updated wireless technologies and services†¢has expanded tremendously over the past years, and has been in the procedure of growth all over the world. †¢Primary capability relies on the use of information technology (IT) to significantly aid its wireless services and systems. In short, Verizon Wireless can monitor their individual wireless services and their status within the site, or even at other locations. IT also aids Verizon Wireless’ excellent procurement. †¢is able to provide excellent client satisfaction, as the few levels of work would imply lots of time to dedicate to their clients. †¢Its personnel have formulated a powerful legacy within the market. †¢Has the capability to shift direction immediately if its management realizes that their marketing plan is not working properly. †¢has no debts and financial losses. In short the organization can provide excellent wireless technologies and services to clients on a continuous basis. Weaknesses:†¢is one of the biggest organizations in the wireless service industry but has a meager control of its organization, in spite of its advantages in updated wireless technologies. This could result to a decline in profitability in some locations where they have lesser managerial powers. †¢Since Verizon Wireless sells its wireless services and technologies over different markets, the organization does not possess the versatility that some of its recognized rival companies have. †¢Functions al over the world, but its existence can be found in only selected areas all over the world†¢Some of the organization’s less famous locations do not possess market legacy or reputation†¢Some of the organization’s employees do not possess the important wireless service knowledge base in many aspects. †¢Verizon Wireless is still severely hampered to the temporary absences of its employees. †¢The organization’s budget is unstable particularly in the early aspects of a new wireless service product innovation. Opportunities:†¢Taking over, acquisitions, or establishing mergers with other wireless service organizations while prioritizing on powerful markets like North America or Europe. †¢The establishment of new locations and branches provide Verizon Wireless the chances to explore market improvements. This could result to the diversification of the company’s branches. †¢Chances are present for Verizon Wireless to go on with its existing tactic of founding huge extensions all over the globe. †¢Verizon Wireless is continuously growing, with lots of future developments to explore for success. †¢The local personnel of Verizon Wireless are in the process of persuading local wireless service business entities to join them if possible. †¢The rivals of Verizon Wireless may be unable to cope up with the new wireless service innovations particularly the ones that the organization  establishes. Threats:†¢Being a top wireless service organization means that Verizon Wireless is the one to beat in both local and global markets. †¢Being recognized worldwide implies that Verizon Wireless might be immersed to political chaos in the nations where the company has operations. †¢The manufacturing expenses of most wireless services have the chance to decline because of the limited manufacturing costs. Production expenses go down due to the outsourcing to low-cost countries all over the world. This situation could result to fighting in prices, which in turn would lead in the fall of prices in different levels. Tremendous price rivalry must absolutely be classified as a threat. †¢The current changes in wireless service technology which could probably alter the markets might test the organization’s capability to cope up to these developments†¢A slight change in the priority of a huge rival might destroy any market dominance that Verizon Wireless has attained over its existence. This could lead the organization to specialize in quick response but excellent quality wireless services to local companies. This would place intense pressure on the organization’s employees to be knowledgeable with the current developments in wireless services where possible. C. External EnvironmentThe wireless service industry can be found at one of the biggest suburban areas and the most densely populated areas all over the globe. Therefore, this implies that with regards to the territorial elements, Verizon Wireless has been able to properly select an environment or site that may give tremendous potential for the wireless service industry to be come famous. The market segments in America represent Verizon Wireless’ biggest sales and marketing networks which cover local and domestic stores and mass markets. Suppliers represent Verizon Wireless’ second biggest American network and normally sell to both custom and online markets. In Europe and North  America, Verizon Wireless’ market share remains significantly high. It controls more than 50 global stores found all over the world. The organization also utilizes Internet shops as a place to sell its products. This is done through the utilization of Internet advertisements and product discounts. The organization has the power to establish awareness of its products and other technologies through media announcements, international communication initiatives and Verizon Wireless based online services. The organization also makes sure to get opinions from its consumers through consumer studies. The organization then utilizes these opinions to polish its product enhancement initiatives and marketing programs. D. SWOT Analysis EvaluationBased on the SWOT Analysis on Verizon Wireless, budget management is the largest concern for the company. The proper means of using the budget must be carefully analyzed by the company. The study of promoting endeavors has to be done due to the feedback that can inform the organization as to what promotional tools are the correct ones to use. These assessment outcomes can secure Verizon Wireless from wasting its financial resources for the incorrect promotional tools and procedures. Monitoring or assessment involves the application of tools to evaluate promotional appropriateness. The plan can be assessed with regards to the development in sales that is attained at a quarterly and yearly basis. This would immediately connect to the goal of establishing demand and improving sales. Nevertheless, it is essential to put into emphasis that it can be hard to manage for other elements that are likely to bear effects in the market industry, which include the choices of rival companies to improve prices, a change in client likes, or a shift in the entire demand. Luckily, other tools can be utilized to evaluate promotional appropriateness, which connects upon the variance of the marketing goals that have been mentioned earlier. For instance, surveys can be done, which ask regarding the wireless services, identify any development in behaviours regarding the wireless services, and identify whether or not there has been a development in client information or awareness of the wireless services. E. Corporate Level Strategy AnalysisThe primary goal of the corporate level strategy of Verizon Wireless is to guarantee that the company will be recognized in the industry as a business entity that gives excellent wireless services for its target market. Aside from this, Verizon Wireless has the corporate mission to determine the most effective strategy to be utilized in order to transform the wireless service industry into becoming more recognized by the public consumers. Verizon Wireless has four primary corporate strategies:A)Manage its position as one of the primary businesses regarding wireless services. Being the leader of the wireless service industry will propel Verizon Wireless to earn the respect and trust of its customers. Therefore, the organization will have the power to widen its functions through the acquisition of other wireless service organizations. B)Become more financially stable than other wireless service organizations. The raw technologies that are being used in the production of wireless services have to be able to attain excellent standards. If this is achieved, Verizon Wireless will have the capability to become more financially stable as against other rival wireless service organizations. C)Establish an excellent wireless service technology profile, with Verizon Wireless as the global label of flagship; andD)Establishing its freedom. Being a free organization will enable Verizon Wireless to go on with its reputation of excellence in both its wireless services and products by establishing fresh innovations and measures. F. Business Level Strategy AnalysisIn the situation of Verizon Wireless, its business level strategy that it utilizes to propel itself in the wireless service industry involves the utilization of advertisements. To be able to inform the target of the organization regarding the presence of the wireless service industry, Verizon Wireless utilizes media advertising, online and other media and news advertisements. These marketing procedures are supportive to propel Verizon Wireless at the top of the wireless service  industry. Business Level Strategies – PriorityThe primary emphasis of the business level strategy is to enable Verizon Wireless to be recognized in the market. In order to attain this, the utilization of an excellent business plan through an effective business interaction plan is always put into emphasis. In addition, interaction is an essential element of the company. Through excellent communication, Verizon Wireless is able to transfer knowledge and learn from each other’s capabilities and knowledge. In this specific business level strategy of Verizon Wireless, the essential aspect that is given priority is the advertisement and interactive campaign of the company. Normally, advertisement or interactive campaigns of Verizon Wireless are well known as an open sponsorship of given goods, products and any concepts through the utilization of any channels of interaction. In this respect, there are various types of channels that are utilized for advertisements and interactive campaign objectives of Verizon Wireless. Generally, in this IMC perspective, the emphasis is put on advertisement and wireless services promotion. Business Level Strategy – By SegmentThe excellent business level strategy of Verizon Wireless reflects a continuous process and style to all its activities. The business level strategies of the company arrive to signify the new emphasis of its marketing field in incorporating the interactive elements to connect to all of the company’s clients and not just its basic consumers (Levinson, 1998). Aside from this the business level strategy proceeds with the objective of determining and improving the mutual connection of the organization to its clients by giving means to establish relationship with clients through advertisements. The usual consumer market of Verizon Wireless involves international clients and local clients as well. In this way, in order to guarantee that the target market is able to know the presence of Verizon Wireless, the business level strategy utilized by the company is putting priority to each of the target market in both local and global scenes. Quarterly Business Level Strategy- SalesIn this business level strategy, Verizon Wireless implements the marketing procedure in attaining interactions and promotion of the organization and the wireless services that it gives. This business level strategy is implemented quarterly. In performing this, the following interactive media is used:†¢TV, print, and communication mediaSome of the marketing channels that are normally utilized by Verizon Wireless in order to make their wireless services well known are the TV, print, and communication media. In connection with the company, it also utilizes these media channels in order to be recognized by various clients anytime and in any place. AdvertisingA very famous process of promotion used by Verizon Wireless is through advertisements. Advertisements of the company are very expensive but like all marketing plans, it is not classified as a cost but an asset by the company. The expenses for excellent advertisements may be significantly high but the good outcomes are all worth it for Verizon Wireless (Silk, 2006). Advertisement is the right approach for Verizon Wireless for the similar reason of improving awareness and making an impact towards client perceptions. Also, advertisement through media can be felt by larger groups of people all over the world, therefore the information is transferred to a larger part of the target market of Verizon Wireless. Quarterly Business Level Strategy- Public RelationsPublic relations and publicity are different plans established by Verizon Wireless to inform or secure the organization’s reputation or its wireless services. The benefit of this mechanism is that it improves the organization’s reputation and it allows Verizon Wireless to be recognized due to the excellent image than its rivals. In this way, Verizon Wireless often does a publicly connected endeavor every quarter to guarantee that the organization follows its social roles in the site. One of the excellent means to implement this is through sponsorship. The company often sponsors a well-known organization every quarter. G. Structure and Control Systems AnalysisA matrix framework overlays two  company forms in order to exhibit the advantages of both. Some world companies implement a matrix framework that mixes territorial with product teams. The product-based framework enables Verizon Wireless to explore world economies of scale, whereas the territorial framework manages information close to the necessities of each and every nation. The company also possesses degrees of matrix framework, implying that every divisional team of Verizon Wireless has particular roles, but some topics must be decided in unison across all of these teams. Rather than mixing two separate frameworks, some matrix frameworks overlap an operational framework with project groups. Workers at Verizon Wireless are tasked to a cross-operational project group, yet they also belong to an established operational group to which they come back when a project is finished (Cameron, 2004). The matrix framework of Verizon Wireless is implemented through the hiring and recruitment of new workers whose knowledge and work ethics jive with the culture. Verizon Wireless was going into a new market that will recruit a number of highly qualified people from other organizations to support the new initiatives. The matrix framework of Verizon Wireless’ organizational structure may need for getting new workers aboard. This procedure usually happens immediately after the workers are recruited, and may be a means to slowly teach the different functional teams with a new culture. A matrix framework is implemented systematically or informally, probably through training of new workers or through a sequence of interactions to current workers at Verizon Wireless. A matrix framework is helpful in the company and management of shared value mechanisms (Hiatt, 2003). Therefore, culture at Verizon Wireless is shared through obvious or invisible ways and studies indicate that invisible means of interaction seem to be more efficient in altering culture than visible means of interaction and the visible and invisible interaction is depended on to give outside justification for the matrix framework and encourage company workers at Verizon Wireless to adjust to the new company practices and ethics. Nelson (2005) mentions that there are three fundamental procedures of decision-making: the top-down method, the democratic method, and the  subculture method. Top-down or implemented decision-making does not normally happen in the company structure of Verizon Wireless, because their management knows that it normally leads in developments that are hard to manage, even though they may be effortless to tell to the employees. In short, they know that top-down methods may lead in forced compliance from the employees of Verizon Wireless, but in reality they do not totally agree to it. Therefore, Verizon Wireless implements the democratic methods to decision-making which are hard and eat up a lot of time, but the dedication and trust to the development is more effective than an altered work setting which enhances outputs and results of Verizon Wireless. Procedures of assessment of the decision-making structure of Verizon Wireless involves monitoring, evaluating the efficiency, or comparison of basic elements with original aspects identified during the inner company investigation. A development in the major frequency mixed with a dormancy of company efficiency at Verizon Wireless could imply that the major factors were not identified properly. The culture, in short, has developed with low or negative effects on company efficiency. It is clear, nevertheless, that culture can either support or significantly delay a selected tactic and further comprehension of cultural inspirations may be tantamount to entire comprehension of efficient strategic development. H. RecommendationsMajority of the triumphant activities of Verizon Wireless rely tremendously on excellent interpersonal interaction and relationship among the individuals and the entire company. Bounded with a unified objective, the control of developments at Verizon Wireless must be always coordinated with the individuals that will benefit or workers that will immediately feel the impacts. Discussing the objective of development at Verizon Wireless must be always important. Interaction is the highly recommended way that the managers at Verizon Wireless must use. Obtaining the trust of the employees at Verizon Wireless and managing a smooth professional relationship must always be emphasized, because it is always a critical factor to an excellent flow of company functions. But all these will be put to naught if topics and dilemmas brought about by improper governance and added with the misunderstandings between managers and workers  of Verizon Wireless will emerge along the way. Handling the interaction and knowledge that Verizon Wireless utilizes in its everyday functions must be prioritized in the company. Knowledge is the blood stream of the organization on which every worker; employee and manager strive on. It must be utilized in order to attain the needs of the customers of Verizon Wireless. This is the reason why there must be always an appropriate interaction and knowledge management flow within the company. Also, the impact of a development affects workers of Verizon Wireless as well as the company for a long period of time. The necessities and traits must be always taken into consideration in interacting planning and making choices within Verizon Wireless (Rickards, 1999). Direct communication between the management and the workers must be effective enough to provide solutions to problems and potential threats to the employees of Verizon Wireless particularly on the issues and results of the desired development. Interaction between and among the employees and managers of the Verizon Wireless must be always emphasized in order to give a well-operating company function within and outside its limits. WORKS CITED Cameron, E, 2004. Making Sense of Change Management: A Complete Guide to the Models, Tools & Techniques of Organizational Change. Kogan PageHiatt, J, 2003. Change Management. Prosci ResearchLevinson, J, 1998. Guerrilla Marketing: Secrets for Making Big Profits from Your Small Business. Houghton Mifflin; 3rd editionNelson, K, 2005. The Change Management Pocket Guide. Change Guides, LLCRickards, T, 1999. Creativity and the Management of Change. Blackwell Publishing LimitedSilk, A, 2006. What Is Marketing? Harvard Business School Press

Drama and Literacy in the classroom Essay

The widespread saturation of non-literary narrative forms with which students interact in modern society has resulted in a distinct change in the methods and means of literacy skills and education. Researches have discovered that advantages exist for students who are enrolled in cross-discipline curriculums and specific evidence exists to show that the use of drama within a classroom setting provides and ample boost to the educational experiences and efficacy of students. The TES has reported on research from Durham University which found that primary pupils’ academic performance may improve if their schools devote time to drama. Children from inner-London primaries achieved better than expected results in maths and reading tests after their schools took part in an outreach project run by the National Theatre. † (Literacy Trust) Such a boost is the result of the multifaceted levels of engagement and interactivity that drama provides for students. In addition to boosting literacy and math skills, researches have discovered that drama also enhances speaking and listening skills, which, in turn, enhance performances across the spectrum of scholastic activity: â€Å"drama can be a powerful tool to develop children’s speaking and listening skills: National Theatre children learned to speak more clearly and listen more attentively than their matches. † (Literacy Trust) Other cited benefits are: children who participated in drama in the classroom reported an increased enjoyment of school, higher self-esteem and self-confidence, a clearer ability to set and meet goals, and an enhanced understanding and interest in the creative arts: â€Å"When drama is used in literature-based reading programs, it often remains as simulated role play to recall and/or provide an alternative ending for all or part of a story. In order for a drama activity to enhance both literary and literacy development, the activities must engage the children in a thorough reading of the story. † (Hertzberg, 1998) The success of drama-enhanced curriculums may be connected to human brain function, thus demonstrating an organic merit to the dramatic form as a teaching technique and educational aid. â€Å"Education is now beginning to take account of recent research into the way the brain works and the ways in which children learn and to relate this to the teaching and learning of today’s curriculum. The result is likely to be an increase in creative and multi-sensory approaches to teaching, linked to clearly defined learning objectives. â€Å"(Neelands, Baldwin & Fleming, 2003, p. 4) Because drama requires participation in group-work and interaction with sets of individuals all working toward a shared goal, text-work through dramatic readings and performances, â€Å"creates a sense of shared ownership through which children can investigate and develop characters, fill the gaps left in the text, reveal the subtext, and use their imaginations to bridge the divide between writer and reader, integrating and encompassing all aspects of literacy. (Neelands, Baldwin, and Fleming 5) Perhaps most importantly of all, the participation in drama encourages students to engage with texts emotionally, intellectually, and with a vested interest and connection to the material which seems to be absent from traditional learning methods. â€Å"Drama creates motivation for students to participate and facilitates students’ responses in reading instruction[†¦ ]dramatization is a source of scaffolding for emergent readers by providing rich background experiences for future reading[†¦ ] dramatization leads students to develop symbolic representation, which is the same concept children require in order to understand the alphabetic principle. † (Lin,2003). Other benefits certainly exist within the drama enhanced curriculum; only practice of the theoretic techniques and research will fully disclose the potential for this type of dynamic educational process. References Hertzberg, M. (1998). Theory into Practice: Using Drama to Enhance Literacy Development. Australian Journal of Language and Literacy, 21(2), 159+. Neelands, J. , Baldwin, P. , & Fleming, K. (2003). Teaching Literacy through Drama: Creative Approaches. London: RoutledgeFalmer. www. literacytrust. org. uk 3-31-07, accessed 4-9-07. http://www. literacytrust. org. uk/Database/drama. html#test Lin,Chia-Hui. â€Å"Literacy Instruction through Communicative and Visual Arts† The Clearinghouse on Reading, English, and Communication Digest #186 12-03, Accessed 4-10-07. http://reading. indiana. edu/ieo/digests/d186. html

Review of Alice Walkers essay on the creative spirit of her female ancestors Essays

Review of Alice Walkers essay on the creative spirit of her female ancestors Essays Review of Alice Walkers essay on the creative spirit of her female ancestors Paper Review of Alice Walkers essay on the creative spirit of her female ancestors Paper Essay Topic: Creative Alice Walker uses Virginia Woolfs phrase contrary instincts to describe the creative spirit that her female ancestors valued while working and living in oppressive conditions. Throughout Walkers essay she made many connections between these contrary instincts and how she perceived the constraints on the knowledge of women in her childhood era. Although, the knowledge Walker talks about in her essays is not the kind that most people think of when they hear the word. It is the knowledge and creative spirit of ourselves that she talks about; the primary source of what we need to get us through life. She made the relation of how women used art to express their creative spirit; their knowledge. Walker depicted how her ancestors expressed their knowledge through their creative spirits, whether it be through sewing a quilt or creating a garden. She tries to get us to realize that all we have to do is to find our hidden creative spirit and that will be where we will find our knowledge. Walker speaks about how creative spirit can be passed down from generation to generation. At the age of 17 Walkers mother ran away from home to be married. While taking care of six children, Alices mother also had to battle with a white landlord over her childrens education, make clothes for all of her children, make sheets and towels, can vegetables and fruits, and still find some time in the day to make quilts. Alices mother barely had time to deal with obstacles pertaining to her own creative spirit. Alice looked up to her mother because of all the suffering she endured while finding time for herself to be creative with her flower garden. According to Alices views on the heredity of someones creative spirit, she believes that her creativity came from her mother. Walker states that We have constantly looked high, when we should have looked high- and low (744). She is referring to the fact that maybe the things that hold people back are the things that make our creative spirit. Sometimes people search for their creative spirit in some of the most interesting of places, when it is usually right there in front of them. Alice continues to speak of a quilt that is hanging in the Smithsonian Institution in Washington D. C. The quilt was made by an unknown black woman in Alabama from bits and pieces of insignificant rags. Even though it is only bits and pieces of someones creative spirit, it still shows right through the meaningless pieces of cloth. Looking back at the lives of my mother and grandmother I can only see these two women completely lost in a sea of children and chores. When could they find the time to let their creative spirits loose? Then I read Walkers piece and my eyes opened. Id forgotten about the gardens. As in In search of my mothers gardens both my mother and grandmother have gardens. They planted flowers, ferns, and vines. They gave each other clippings from their most mature plants so that the plant could grow in the others garden. The two of them would tour each others garden to talk about what was growing well that season or which plant was on its last leg. Gardening was the common thread that bonded them as mother and daughter, and as women. They intertwined their creative spirits with nature to create gardens-to create themselves. Alice Walker challenges us, as art does, to make sure that we do not overlook what might be true to our existence; of who we really are. She is trying to get us to look deeper than we thought we ever could, to find our creative spirit, our knowledge and heritage and to give it new life. a woman who still struggles to sing the song that was your gift,.. It is not so much that you sang, as that you kept alive, in so many of our ancestors, the notion of song. (743) We cannot let our voices be muffled by your own lack of awareness. Walker is showing us that it is our responsibility to represent our mothers and grandmothers voices, to keep their creative spirit burning through the night; and when we die it will not be a flame being put out, but a candle being extinguished so that the morning sun can shine. Judging an artist based on skin color or gender will get us nowhere. A piece of art can challenge your opinions, inspire your creative spirit, and take you on a journey to find your hidden knowledge. Art asks the viewer to go deeper to find the true core of their creative spirit. We must know a piece of arts history to do it justice. If we do not know its background behind a piece of art, we are only confusing ourselves even more, thereby depriving ourselves of history, which certainly belongs to us. It is in these artistic expressions that Walker tries to get us to find our creative spirit. For her mother it was her garden, as it is for my mother. Walker tries to get us to understand that our creative spirit is the knowledge of ourselves, and that our spirit is all we need to get us through life. Through art and other forms of creative spirit, we find knowledge; of what came before us and of the things that are passed on from our relatives. Our creative spirit and knowledge is who we are and what we do. There is always room for us to grow through out our life time, to expand on the knowledge that we will pass down to our kids. In a sense it is as though our creative spirit is our trademark. When Walker chose the title for her piece, In Search of Our Mothers Gardens, she made it very appropriate and fitting to the inflection towards knowledge and self discovery. When examining the essay from a literal level, you see that Alice was looking at her mothers garden as an example of Woolfs contrary instincts, and the creative spirit that she was so curious about. Whereas examining her work from a symbolic level, the title is plural, showing that there are other people that may be in search of the creative spirit that is passed down from generation to generation; although it may not necessarily be in the form of a physical garden. Whereas instead people are still looking for their symbolic garden which Walker tries to get us to see. Through out her essay Walker shows us that it is not the diploma in our hand, but the spirit in our heart that will guide us to happiness in our life.

Why more and more college students are taking online classes Essay

Why more and more college students are taking online classes - Essay Example Most of the students use to take online classes when they faced difficulty in scheduling the needed classes due to their busy routines of being full time workers, older, married or having responsibilities of children and other family members (Pearson Foundation, 2010). Students sometimes also failed to get enrolled due to overbooked or closed session and then take online classes. It is due to wide array of benefits associated with online courses that the college students are widely turning towards online classes. Online classes offer high level of flexibility and it became easily possible for the students to schedule their classes from their homes or any other place when they get time to spend on the studies. Like real colleges, they don’t have to take time for going colleges neither they have to think about travelling towards college to avoid missing the class at specific time (Schworm, 2008). The college students are also widely taking online classes due to the availability of wide array of options regarding the selection of courses, subjects, diplomas and degree programs. They have many choices in front of them and can choose any one of their interest regardless of physical presence of the college near their place. The online classes often offer lower tuition rates as compared with the fee of many traditional colleges. The students don’t have to spend on buying text books because most of the online classes do not require students to buy books but they provide material through EBooks or other online resources like downloadable lectures, notes, assignments and reading material etc. In the way the overall expenses of the studies became lower and it became easy for the students to manage their studies with even lower budgets (Schworm, 2008). Online classes allow choosing the study timing according to the convenience. The college students can easily plan

The Impact of Cinematography and Editing Options Movie Review

The Impact of Cinematography and Editing Options - Movie Review Example The paper will analyze the movie Wizard of Oz. Cinematography and editing options like color, focus, transitions, lighting, and camera shots influence the placement and movement of characters and props in the scene showing Dorothy leaving Kansas for Oz (Leroy, 1939). Black and white colors defined movies produced in the 1930s (Dirks, n.d). However, the movie Wizard of Oz was the first movie of the 1930s to depict multiple colors as seen in the camera shot below (Leroy, 1939). The above camera shot shows the lighting placed between the character and the foreground. Apparently, the cinematographer moved the rear light behind the plant and on the right side of the shot but in front of the main character. Additionally, there are two front lights positioned in front of this character. The left light is on the lower side while the right light is on the high side, which facilitates the highlight of Dorothy and the colored plant with no visible shadows. The cinematographer did the camera sho t with a backdrop shot of the black and white house on the background that defined immense creativity at the time. Indeed, the producers introduce the first color shot in the film when the main character opens the door to see Oz and the yellow brick road that leads to this destination (Leroy, 1939). The cinematographer relies on double exposed film to blur Dorothy’s image depicting a dream. The camera shot shown below shows a spiraling house with the main character on it defining the journey to Oz (Leroy, 1939).